The
members of the crew must stay warm for their survival inside the
submarines. Extended exposure to the chill temperatures beneath the
oceans will take away the heat present in the body. Proper insulation
inside the vehicle and temperature monitoring...
How water is supplied inside the submarine?
Using the process
of distillation sea water can be converted in to fresh water. This water
is mainly used as a coolant in the nuclear power plant which is powers
the submarine. Almost 40,000 gallons of fresh water will be used as a
coolant in one...
How air is supplied inside the submarine?
An oxygen generator
which works on the process of electrolysis is . It can be made to
release only when the gas sensor detects low level of oxygen. The
difficult aspect is to remove the carbon dioxide from the submarine.
read more..... http:/...
How do submarines navigate?
The submarines navigate using
GPS(Global Positioning System) while it resides on the surface. The same
will not work when it is under waters. Therefore the submarines use
Gyroscopes to keep track of the motion from a fixed starting point.
Although...
How can an object float in water?
When an object is placed in
water, there are two primary forces acting on it. The force of gravity
yields a downward force and a buoyancy forceyields an upward force. The
gravitational force is determined by the object's weight, and the
buoyancy...
What is the Fuel used for Submarines?
In the beginning the
submarines used to work with the diesel power, later many disadvantages
were identified during its usage. For Example, the exhaust of the gases
was a big problem when the machine is under waters. The oxygen present
in the...
What is a Submarine?
An independent
Autonomous body that can float (or) sink on ocean waters as per the
condition. Usually submarines are used to attack the enemy ships and
other illegal navigation activities of the enemies that take place
through oceanic waters. read...
What are Stem Cells?
Stem cells are
the primary cells in human body and animals that have the ability to
divide and differentiate into other types of cells. Research by
Canadian scientists Ernest A.McCulloch and James E.Till in the 1960's
started interest in Stem...
What is the difference between a space craft and a space shuttle?
The difference between the space craft and the space shuttle is that in
a space craft only one satellite is sent, the space shuttle could carry
two to three satellites in one take‐off. Also a spacecraft is a general
name for a vehicle that can...
What is the fuel used in a space shuttle?
There are three types of fuels used in space shuttles to reach the orbit, described as follows:
A solid propellant is used inside a Solid Rocket Booster which gives power for the shuttle to move to its orbit.
read more..... http://www.wonder...
What could be the temperature of a Space shuttle ?
The space
shuttle is covered with special tiles to protect it from the intense
heat when it re‐enters the Earth's atmosphere. The tiles are so
safe that if exposed to temperatures of up to 2,300°F, a human could
hold them in their bare hand without...
Space shuttles launched till now?
The first Space Shuttle,
name Columbia, took off into space on April 12, 1981. Later, four space
shuttles are launched –Columbia 1981), Discovery (1983), Atlantis
(1985), Challenger STS‐51L(1986), Discovery STS 26 (1988), Discovery
STS‐31(1990),...
What is a space shuttle?
A space
shuttle is nothing but a space craft which has been designed to
transport people from Earth to a place around the Earth. The Space
Shuttle can take satellites into space, and it can also bring them back
to Earth for repair. Space travel...
What are the solar Space probes missions sent till date?
Many Space probes were launched to study the space till date, but the
first space probe was launched in the year 1974 named Helios. The
Ulysses space probe was the first probe to observe the Sun from an orbit
over the Sun's poles in the year 1994,...
Which is the first space probe sent from the Earth?
The first Space probe Ever launched is Voyager 1, which is now the
farthest man made object from the Earth. It was launched on September
5th, 1977 and at that time it was designed to live for only 5 years. read more..... http://www.wonderwhizk...
Which countries have launched the space probes?
The space agencies of the USSR (now Russia and Ukraine), the United
States, the European Union, Japan, China and India have launched probes
to several planets and moons of the solar system as well as to a number
of asteroids and comets. read more........
What are the types of Space probes?
Fly–by probes, orbiters, atmospheric probes, landers, and rovers are the
five basic types of space probes sent to examine planets and other
bodies in the solar system: A fly–by probe makes its observations as it
passes a celestial body from a distance....
How the communication happens between a space probe and the Earth?
Instruments carried by space probes include radiometers, magnetometers,
and television cameras sensitive to infrared, visible, and ultraviolet
light;there also may be special detectors for micro‐meteors, cosmic
rays, gamma rays, and solar wind. ...
What can a space probe do to carry out its mission?
Probes can explore space in many ways like observing the changes in
temperature, radiation, and objects in space. A probe has got the
ability to observe its nearby objects. read more..... http://www.wonderwhizkids.com/index.php/space-probe
...
What are Space Probes?
A space probe
is an un-piloted, unmanned device sent to explore space and gather
scientific information. Space probes have visited the Moon, asteroids,
comets, and every planet in the solar system except Pluto. read more..... http://www.wonder...
GPS for Aircraft Navigation
Our
ancestors had to go to pretty extreme measures to keep from getting
lost. They erected monumental landmarks, laboriously drafted detailed
maps and learned to read the stars in the night sky. Things are much, much easier today. You can get a pocket-sized...
Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS)
The Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System, known as
ACARS, is the air-to-ground digital data linked communication service to
communicate with air traffic control,
national aviation authorities and their own operations centers. At...
How does an Air traffic control work (ATC)?
Radar began to be widely adopted by air traffic controllers (ATC) in
the 1950s and is still the mainstay of most ATC systems around the world
today. The standard international practice is to monitor airspace using
two radar systems: primary and secondary....
How does an aircraft radar work and what is its importance?
Radar (an acronym for Radio Detection And Ranging) is a device that is
used extensively on aircraft. It works on echo principle. Just like
other radar systems, aircraft radar also
contains high frequency radio waves that are transmitted for a short...
How does a Turbojet Engine work?
Jet
engines move the aircraft forward with a great force that is produced by
a tremendous thrust and causes the plane to fly very fast. Aircrafts
are propelled by accelerating a fluid in the opposite direction
to motion. Generally a propeller-driven...
Aircraft Engines
To move an aircraft
through the air, we have to use some kind of propulsion system to
generate thrust. Aircraft powered by piston engines get virtually all
of their thrust from the propeller driven by the engine. This type of engine mixes fuel with...
How does an airplane take off, rise to a higher altitude, turn in the air or land on the ground?
Drag, Lift and Speed of the aircraft depend on the Angle of attack to
a certain extent. Angle of attack is the angle at which relative wind
meets an airfoil. It changes with the direction of the aircraft. The
increase in angle of attack increases...
How Airplanes Fly?
We as humans were
always curious to know how the birds could fly, wondering if we too
could fly. We could build machines that can fly through the air after
carefully studying birds. At any given moment, roughly 5,000 planes are in the skies above...
Thin film Solar Cells
A solar cell
that is thin and flexible, which is also known as the Thin Film Photo
Voltaic cell (TFPV) has a thickness that would range from nanometers to
micrometers. A thin film and flexible solar panel can be manufactured by
depositing one or...
What are SPV (Solar Photo Voltaic) cells?
Solar Cells (Photo voltaic cells) can convert sunlight directly in to
Electricity. The Solar Photovoltaic panels (SPV) constitute a reliable,
industrially matured, green technology for the exploitation
of solar energy. The SPV panels operate autonomous...
Concentrated solar power (CSP)
The
CSP systems concentrate a large area of sunlight in to a small area
using lenses. Due to this huge amount of power in a small area large
amount of heat could develop and can be used to rotate the steam
turbines of a heat engine. Hence we can...
What is Solar Energy ?
The Solar
energy is the energy from the sun which is considered as an environment
friendly, non–conventional source of energy. Solar energy is non –
polluting and, therefore, helps in lessening the greenhouse effect.
The energy that reaches the...
Six amazing numbers – Shape the Universe
Martin Rees in his book “Just Six Numbers“ says that things would not
be as they are even if there is very slight change in the value of these
six numbers. Martin John Rees, Baron Rees of Ludlow, is
a British cosmologist, astrophysicist, a member...
How come dinosaurs become extinct and many more...........
The last dinosaurs died approximately 65 million years ago. Dinosaur extinction theories have been the subject of much debate and controversy. A recent explanation, supported by many scientists, suggests that a big meteorite crashed into Earth, changing...
Red yeast rice
Red yeast rice results
from fermenting regular rice with a fungus Monascus purpureus. The
fungus partially digests the rice starch granules and produces naturally
occurring statins, i.e., substances known to inhibit the production
of cholesterol...
Biofuel from bacteria
Biofuel
Bacteria Streptomyces is genetically modified to produce cellulase. This
is the enzyme that breaks down cellulose (the primary structural
material in plants). Bacteria that can produce cellulase, or similar enzymes,
are able to ferment plant...
World's largest bloom
Several species
of Rafflesia grow in the forests of southeast Asia, including the
Philippines. The flower of Rafflesia arnoldii is the largest which
attains a diameter of nearly one meter (3 ft) and can weigh up to 11
kilograms (24 lb). This parasitic...
Why day and night are not of equal duration?
The day and night are not of equal length exactly at the time of the
March and September equinoxes (also known as spring and autumnal
equinoxes respectively). The dates on which day and night are
each 12 hours occur only for a few days before and...
Have you ever wondered why the Earth is tilted ?
Have you ever wondered why the Earth is tilted instead of just
perpendicular with its plane of orbit? As the history goes, the
theorists believe that Earth after its formation some billion years
ago, something very big hit the young Earth to knock...
What causes four seasons?
In a year
Earth shows four seasons, namely Winter, Summer, Spring and Autumn or
Fall. The ecologists mostly use a six season model for temperate climate
regions that includes pre–spring and late–summer as distinct seasons
along with the other traditional...
Navy Seals
Seals (mostly the
California sea lion) are used in the US Navy, including detecting
underwater landmines and equipment recovery. Sea lions can be highly
useful as they can reach places inaccessible to human divers. They can
dive to 1,000 feet (304.8...
Anatomy of seals
Seals are warm–blooded animals i.e, their body temperature remains constant regardless of the outside temperature. All seals have a layer of blubber under the skin that acts as an insulator
against the cold. Sea lions, which are generally found in...
Types of Artificial Satellites
There are six different types of artificial satellites: i) communication ii) resource iii) scientific iv) navigation v) military. read more.... http://wonderwhizkids.com/index.php/satellites
...
Basics of Satellites
There are many
kinds of satellites and many ways of building a satellite. Most
satellites have similar parts, however. These parts include (1) radios
to talk to people on earth; (2) rockets to move the satellite in space;
(3) batteries to supply...
Satellites
A satellite is basically
any object that revolves around a planet in a circular or elliptical
path (orbit). The moon is Earth's original, natural satellite, and there
are many man-made (artificial) satellites, usually closer to Earth.
Thousands...
What are the dissolved nutrients in sea water?
The Nutrients like Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) are
important for the plant growth. The level of dissolved nutrients
increases from animal feces and decomposition (bacteria,
fungi). Surface water often may be lacking in nutrients...
What are the dissolved gases in the sea water?
Carbon dioxide and Oxygen get dissolved to a certain extent in water.
The Marine organisms uses the dissolved oxygen for respiration. The
dissolved carbon dioxide is what marine plants use for the
photosynthesis. read more..... http://wonderwhi...
Where can be the saltiest water found on Earth?
The saltiest water occurs in the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, where
rates of evaporation are very high. Of the major oceans, the North
Atlantic is the saltiest and within the North Atlantic,
the saltiest part is the Sargasso Sea, an area of about...
If the fresh water flows out to the sea, then how come the sea water is salty?
All the rivers that carry fresh water empty themselves into the sea
(or) ocean, but the oceans contain only salt water. This is due to
several influences that occur naturally.
The first formation of seas must have less salt concentration but as
the...
What are the sources of salts?
As
water flows in rivers, it picks up small amounts of mineral salts from
the rocks and soil of the river beds. This very–slightly salty water
flows into the oceans and seas. The water in the oceans only leaves
by evaporating (and the freezing of...
