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What are the colors of the rainbow?
As we have seen there are seven colors in a rainbow VIBGYOR: which are Violet; Indigo; Blue; Green; Yellow; Orange; Red. Lets us know the meaning of each color.
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Why don't we see a full circular rainbow?
We generally don't see a full circular rainbow because the earth gets in the way. The lower the sun is to the horizon, the more of the circle we can observe at its sunset. we could see a full semicircle of the rainbow with the top of the arch 42 degrees above the horizon. As the sun gets higher and higher in the sky during the day, the smaller will be the arc of the rainbow above the horizon.
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Where is the sun when you see a rainbow?
Most people have never noticed that the sun is always behind them as they face a rainbow. The center of the circular arc of the rainbow is in the direction opposite to that of the sun. We know that the rain, is in the direction of the rainbow.
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Do you know there are Different Types of Rainbows?
There are other four different kinds of Rainbows apart form the primary rainbow:
1.Lunar Rainbows
2.Secondary Rainbows
3.Fogbows or white rainbows
4.Spurious or Supernumerary bows
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1.Lunar Rainbows
2.Secondary Rainbows
3.Fogbows or white rainbows
4.Spurious or Supernumerary bows
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Exploring rainbow colors with compact discs
Another good example of dispersion of light beam due to diffuse reflection is the case of why compact discs look multicolored. Rainbows appear when raindrops (which act like a prism) reflect sunlight, and break white sunlight into colors.
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Why rainbow have the shape?
From the ground level, only an arc of the rainbow is usually visible. A complete circular rainbow may be seen from an elevated position such as from an aeroplane. From the ground level, only an arc of the rainbow is usually visible. A complete circular rainbow may be seen from an elevated position such as from an aeroplane.
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Where do the colors of the rainbow come from?
The rainbow you see is formed by light refracted by many such drops; the red comes from drops angled slightly higher in the sky, the blue from drops angled slightly lower, and the intermediate colors from drops at intermediate angles. All the drops sending separated colors to you are angled at about 42 degree from a point that is directly opposite the sun in your view.
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Rainbows
A most charming example of chromatic dispersion in nature is a rainbow. For a rainbow to be seen the sun must be shining in one part of the sky and water drops in a cloud or in falling rain must be present in the opposite part. When we turn our backs toward the sun, we see the spectrum of colors in a bow.
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Is a Polar Bear really white?
Polar bears fur consists of a dense, insulating undercoat topped by guard hairs of various lengths. Polar bears do appear white to us. But there is more to this than meets the eye! Polar bears appear white, but their fur is not white. Each hair is made of keratin, the same substance found in our fingernails and hair.
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How do Polar Bears keep themselves warm?
Polar bears are warm–blooded mammals, yet they live in freezing Arctic temperatures. They retain their body heat because of a thick coat of fur as well as a thick layer of fat under their skin. Fur and fat are poor conductors of heat, or good insulators.
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How do polar bears survive in the arctic environment?
Polar bears(Ursus Maritimus) live only in the northern Arctic where they spend most of their time on ice floes. It is the world's largest land carnivore. They are well suited to the cold Arctic ice and snow. Life in the Arctic is harsh. The bears live in total darkness between October and February, where the temperature can drop as low as –50° F (–45°C) in winter. And that's exactly how they like it. The polar bear has many unique adaptations for dealing with the Arctic cold.
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How did the Oceans form?
Initially earth was very hot and volcanic. At first the crust was formed as the planet got cooled. The impacts from asteroids and debris were the reason to form lots of craters. As the time went on, the planets continued to cool, forming water on the surface of the Earth. This lead to the formation of oceans. The Earth's surface that we have today is a result of lot of eruptions from volcanoes, earthquakes, and several other factors.
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What Causes Earth Magnetic Field?
The inner core of the Earth spins on its axis. The outer core also spins along with the inner core, but at a different rate, which leads to a creation of the dynamo effect. This effect would lead to the conventional currents in the core. This is responsible for the earth's magnetic field. Hence Earth acts as a natural giant electromagnet.
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Earth's Magnetic field
Earth's core is definitely the hottest part of our planet. It is made up of metals entirely. The core consists of two layers which are known as Outer core and Inner core. The outer core is mostly made of iron and nickel. The outer core is approximately 2300 km in thickness. The iron and nickel forms an alloy which is very hot at temperature 4000 to 5000°C. The Inner core is approximately 1200 km in thickness.
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What is there inside the Earth?
Many scientists came up with their own theories till the time when Newton proposed that Earth's interior is made up of much denser material. The density of the inner Earth is twice as that of the rocks on the surface of the Earth. This density reveals the cause for the formation of different layers inside the Earth.
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What is the age of the Earth?
The age of Earth is approximately 4.54 billion years. It is calculated using the radiometric dating methods of meteorite material. These ancient rocks are not from Earth's crust but they are the sediments of the lava deposited in water. The zircon crystals found in Australia, date them to the age of 4.3 billion years, making them the oldest on Earth, so far.
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Earth: The Right Planet for Life
The only planet that supports life (as per the present knowledge of humans) is the Earth. The life supporting zone of the Earth is very small compared to the vast Universe. It is from the bottom of the ocean bed to the top of the highest mountain. Less than 0.5% is of the space available for human habituation, as we can’t live under extreme hot or cold conditions.
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The birth of planet
As the scientists have no concrete proof for how exactly Earth was formed, they strongly think that it was a swirl of gas and dust some 4.6 billion years ago spreading around 15 billion miles in space.
Astrologers and scientists believe that all the particles of dust and gas began to aggregate and started to form molecules and particles. 99.9 % of it was used up in forming the Sun.
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Astrologers and scientists believe that all the particles of dust and gas began to aggregate and started to form molecules and particles. 99.9 % of it was used up in forming the Sun.
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http://www.wonderwhizkids.com/index.php/planet-earth
Penguin feathers
The Penguin feathers are waterproof. They keep penguins dry underneath, even while the birds are swimming. If penguins don't keep their feathers in very good shape, they don't stay waterproof. So penguins spend several hours a day preening, or caring for their feathers. Penguins use their beaks, flippers, and feet to preen. For extra protection in the water, penguins spread oil on their feathers. The oil comes from a special gland near their tail feathers.
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How Penguin's keep themselves warm?
One of most important and interesting aspects of penguins is how they keep themselves warm and dry in the extreme cold conditions. A man standing barefoot on ice would quickly get frostbitten, penguins can do so all their lives with no damage at all. These highly specialized marine birds are adapted to living at sea – some species spend as much as 75% of their lives at sea. Penguins are usually found near nutrient–rich, cold–water currents that provide an abundant supply of food.
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How Penguins survive cold conditions?
Penguins are endotherms , which means that they have the ability to keep their body temperature at constant levels even when the surrounding temperature is very different. To regulate the body temperature they need to prevent the heat loss to the surroundings and insulate themselves well.
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Where are the peacocks found and what is their behavior?
The Peacock is found in many locations including Burma, Indian, and Sri Lanka. They tend to live in locations that offer them access to low trees and plants. They also live in regions where they have access to farm grounds for feeding as well. They tend to do better in warmer regions but they can survive in cooler temperatures.
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Outstanding Peacock feathers
The only pigment in the peacock tail is melanin, which gives the barbs a uniform brown color. This provides a dark background color for the thin–film interference in the keratin layers. The different colors in the eye pattern result from minute changes in the depth of thickness of the keratin layers. In order to produce a particular color, the keratin thickness must be accurate to within about 0.05 μm
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Secret behind Peacock feather colors?
In the case of the peacock, thin film interference takes place in three layers of keratin which cover the barbules. The light which passes through the keratin is retarded and therefore when it emerges from the keratin, some of the color components of white light are out of phase with the light-waves that were reflected from the front surface.
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Anatomy of Peacock feather
When peacock feathers viewed under an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope, they revealed a repetitive two–dimensional structure of small crystals (photonic crystals) – each with a width hundreds of times thinner than a human hair. Optical measurements and calculations showed that variation in the spaces between repeats of the crystals (photonic band gap) causes the structures to reflect light in slightly different ways and leads to variation in color.
Why peacock is magnificent?
Peacocks
are pheasants native to Asia and are best known for the extravagant
tail feathers exhibited by the male of the species. The male peacock
tail contains spectacular beauty because of the brilliant, iridescent,
diversified colors and the intricate, colorful eye patterns.
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What is a Milky Way?
Milky way Galaxy consists of huge stars, planets, comets, etc... It was so big that the speed of light takes 1,00,000 years to travel across it. There are hundreds of billions of stars in the Milky way. The average distance between stars in the milky way galaxy is 20 million million miles. Scientists found that the the nearest star to us proxima centauri which could be 4.3 light years away.
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How far apart are galaxies?
The wattage of the Pulsating stars can be found by observing the time lapse between each dim and sparkling of a star. This method is used to measure the distances across the Milky way galaxy.
There are tiny galaxies (smudges) which appear to be smaller, even if we use huge telescopes to view them. Astronomers can find out the approximate distance to these galaxies by watching for the supernovae.
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There are tiny galaxies (smudges) which appear to be smaller, even if we use huge telescopes to view them. Astronomers can find out the approximate distance to these galaxies by watching for the supernovae.
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How big is the Universe?
The biologist J.B.S Haldene once observed “The Universe is not only queerer than we suppose; it is queerer than we can suppose”. Carl Sagan estimated the probable number of planets in the universe at large to be 10 billion trillion and he further says “If we are randomly inserted into the universe, the chances that you would be on or near a planet would be less than one in a billion trillion trillion”.
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Big Bang and its Expansion - The Glorious Moment:
Long long ago, around 13.7 billion years ago there happened a moment of creation at time t=0, known as the Big Bang. It all started with a bang from a singularity which was smaller than a sub atomic particle that had no dimensions. This glorious moment of “Big Bang” wasn't any sort of explosion (or bang) as the name suggests, but a swift expansion of space and time. It can be assumed as the air filling a balloon, and the balloon starts to expand.
In simple terms, the theory of Big Bang states that as the universe is expanding and it could be more denser in the past. Hence in the very beginning it should be a point mass of infinite density.
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In simple terms, the theory of Big Bang states that as the universe is expanding and it could be more denser in the past. Hence in the very beginning it should be a point mass of infinite density.
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http://www.wonderwhizkids.com/index.php/our-universe
Unlocking the secrets of DNA
Genome Sequencing provides the most comprehensive collection of an individual's genetic variation .We all have the same 30,000 genes in every DNA strand but we all have somespelling mistakes in some of the genes compared to one another. DNA resembles a long, twisty ladder formed by two strands of genetic material that connect to create what’s called a “double helix.” Each rung of the ladder joins together a pair of molecules called nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C) and guanine (G). A always teams up with T, and C always pairs with G. Slight variations in the order of these pairs are what make a person unique. Some variations cause disease, and some don’t.
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Why genome sequencing?
Save lives and Enhance your quality of life by knowing your DNA:
The effectiveness of heuristic method of medical treatment based on available diagnostic procedures can be enhanced in its effectiveness by making it more personalized through decoding of human genome at individual level. With the advances in genome sequencing, now every patient can carry his report of their genome and doctors may find it useful in diagnosis and improving prognosis if genetic reasons for the disease can be identified and the treatment is given accordingly.
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The effectiveness of heuristic method of medical treatment based on available diagnostic procedures can be enhanced in its effectiveness by making it more personalized through decoding of human genome at individual level. With the advances in genome sequencing, now every patient can carry his report of their genome and doctors may find it useful in diagnosis and improving prognosis if genetic reasons for the disease can be identified and the treatment is given accordingly.
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http://www.wonderwhizkids.com/index.php/nexgen-genome-sequencing
What is genomic sequencing?
It is Your Story; Our Story and the Human Story. Before knowing about genome sequencing, let's have a look at what actually a genome is. Genome is the entirety of an organism's hereditary information. Every organism has a genome that contains all of the biological information needed to build and maintain a living example of that organism. The biological information contained in a genome is encoded in its deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and is divided into discrete units called genes. Human genome for example, consists of 3 Billion base pairs (AT and GC) which are arranged in a sequence. The human genome has 46 Chromosomes consisting of 30,000 genes.
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How Uranium is turned into electricity?
A nuclear power station big enough to supply a city of a million people consumes just 3 kg of uranium a day, so it is by far the most concentrated source of energy used by man.
A tiny push caused by neutrons divide the Uranium nucleus. And when a nucleus splits, it releases huge amounts of energy, in a process called 'nuclear fission'. During this process, at least two extra neutrons are produced, which fly off and cause further fission–so that once the process has started it can continue indefinitely.
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A tiny push caused by neutrons divide the Uranium nucleus. And when a nucleus splits, it releases huge amounts of energy, in a process called 'nuclear fission'. During this process, at least two extra neutrons are produced, which fly off and cause further fission–so that once the process has started it can continue indefinitely.
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How a nuclear reactor makes electricity?
A nuclear reactor produces and controls the release of energy from splitting the atoms of uranium. Uranium-fueled nuclear power is a clean and efficient way of boiling water to make steam which drives turbine generators. Except for the reactor itself, a nuclear power station works like most coal or gas-fired power stations.
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Nuclear Power
The Nuclear power is the utilization of nuclear resources for the generation of electricity. Nuclear Power includes, Nuclear Fission, Nuclear decay. Majority of the nuclear energy is from the elements of Actinide series of the periodic table which produce nuclear fission predominantly.
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What is energy?
About half a million years ago, human beings learned to make fire. By collecting and burning wood they were able to warm themselves, cook food and manufacture primitive implements. All these activities utilize various forms of energy - biological, chemical, solar and hydraulic.
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What is Uranium?
Uranium (U) is a metallic, silver-gray element that is a member of the actinides series. It is the principle fuel for nuclear reactors, but it also used in the manufacture of nuclear weapons. Uranium is a very heavy metal which can be used as an abundant source of concentrated energy.
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Nature vs Nurture
"Nature versus nurture" is a debate related to whether heredity or the environment most impacts human psychological development such as behavior, habits, intelligence and personality. It's obvious that you share your parents' DNA in the physical sense like you might have blue eyes like your father but it is difficult to explain your love of writing poetry or being a talented football player in the same way. The theory of genetic predispositions is known as the "nature" theory of human behavior and the theory that people think and behave in certain ways because they are taught and trained to do so is known as the "nurture" theory of human behavior. The understanding of the human genome has made it clear that Nature endows us with innate tendencies and Nurture enables expression of these genetic tendencies as we respond, adapt, learn and mature. People who take the position that all or most behaviors and characteristics are the result of inheritance are known as nativists, where as people who take the position that all or most behaviors and characteristics are the result of learning are known as empiricists.
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Nanotechnology: Big things from a tiny World
Researchers and scientists completely dedicated their study to the world, which is so small, we can't see it – even with a light microscope. That world is the field known as nanotechnology, the monarchy of atoms and nano-structures.
Nanotechnology is so new, no one is really sure what will come of it. But, science experts predict that Nanotechnology has the potential to profoundly change our world and our economy to improve our standard of living. Numerous products featuring unique properties of nanoscale materials are already available to consumers and industry today.
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Nanotechnology is so new, no one is really sure what will come of it. But, science experts predict that Nanotechnology has the potential to profoundly change our world and our economy to improve our standard of living. Numerous products featuring unique properties of nanoscale materials are already available to consumers and industry today.
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http://www.wonderwhizkids.com/index.php/nanotechnology
